Ibuprofen is an NSAID that is widely available and reduces swelling, inflammation, and pain. It is a type of medication with analgesic, fever-reducing, and, in higher doses, anti-inflammatory effects. The World Health Organization (WHO) includes ibuprofen in a list of the minimum medical needs for a basic healthcare system known as its "Essential Drugs List."

A non-steroidal drug is not a steroid. Steroids often have similar effects, but long-term use can cause severe adverse effects. Most NSAIDs are non-narcotic, so they do not cause insensibility or stupor.

Ibuprofen, aspirin, and naproxen are all well-known NSAIDs, partly because they are available over the counter (OTC) from pharmacies. Ibuprofen works by blocking the production of prostaglandins, substances that the body releases in response to illness and injury. Prostaglandins cause pain and swelling, or inflammation. They are released in the brain, and they can also cause fever. Ibuprofen's painkilling effects begin soon after taking a dose. The anti-inflammatory effects can take longer, sometimes several weeks.

Ibuprofen is available in tablet form, in syrups, and as an intravenous (IV) preparation. Taking the correct dosage is important for avoiding or reducing any side effects. Dosage depends on the reason for taking ibuprofen and the age of the user.

For adults using it for rheumatoid or osteoarthritis, the dosage is 1,200 milligrams (mg) to 3,200 mg orally per day in divided doses. The patient must be monitored for adverse effects, and the dose should be adjusted so that the patient takes the smallest possible amount to meet their treatment goals. The usual adult dose for pain is 200 mg to 400 mg by mouth, every 4 to 6 hours, or 400 to 800 mg IV every 6 hours as needed. The maximum dose in one day is 3,200 m